How to implement a PhD project Digital Image Processing using Matlab?

Are you on the verge of submitting your PhD project and wondering if it would be nice to include some digital images to make the project look better? Of course, it will. Digital images are the essence of a PhD project along with the topic and you must get some really good images to enhance the beauty of the project. However, including digital images are not easy and require processing with the best software. And, when the best software is concerned for digital image processing, there can be nothing better than Matlab. It has made breakthroughs in the field of research and is one of the most important tools for simulation and modeling. In the world of research, you need an ambience where it is possible to test theories without any kind of disturbance and that is the reason why Matlab is so popular. It has been widely used for testing various numerical models and also visualizing the results of different computations. In fact, this software was built so that PhD students can implement digital images in their projects.

Integrate and Scale

Matlab is one of those tools that will allow a user to reach his level of perfection. It has the ability to make you think beyond the ideas that are present in your computer. Before you implement the digital images on your project, you will be able to analyze them completely and scale them up according to your specifications. You can actually integrate the code of Matlab with different languages and that would help you deploy your applications and algorithms within the production systems. So, basically, you are not only benefiting from the fact that your project is getting digital images, but you are also able to put in your specifications according to the type and mode of images that you need.

Programming and Graphics

This is another gem of a feature that PhD students can benefit from. The software is specially designed to solve various scientific problems of engineers. Matlab is a matrix based language that helps in computing complex mathematics. One of the biggest advantages of using this software is, you get insights from the data that is already present and the built-in graphics are excellent to visualize the data. There are numerous toolboxes that you can make use of and once you run the software, they will automatically get updated on your screen and will allow you to make changes right away.

How to Create the Network Topology in MATLAB

I have seen candidates struggling with the basic step of network simulation. Yes, I’m talking about creating a network topology. As discussed with a number of computer science researchers, I have found that many of them are confused regarding the topologies, such as selecting the software (NS2 or MATLAB) for topology creation, creating the static or dynamic topology, the number of node in a topology, number of connected nodes and many others.

Throughout my consulting career, I always wanted to be a help for research candidates, and today, I have decided to help them with the network topology.

Okay, let’s start this by asking:

What is a Network Topology?

I would like to go with the simplest answer; a Network Topology is a schematic arrangement of nodes and connecting lines (edges). There are two ways to define a topology:

i. Physical

ii. Logical

What is the logical way to represent the topology in MATLAB?

A network topology can be representing logically in the form of a Graph.

A graph is a collection of nodes and edges that represent relationships among different nodes or you can among different vertices or objects.

  • Nodes are vertices (weighted or non-weighted) that correspond to objects.
  • Edges are the connection lines between objects (vertices).
  • The graph edges sometimes have Weights, which indicate the strength (or some other attribute) of each connection between the nodes. For example: In case of network routing weight represents the distance between the different nodes.

topologyFig. 1: Type of Topology

Now, moving to the most important question, i.e.

How to create the network topology using MATLAB?

In MATLAB creating a topology requires developing a graph that can be both undirected and directed graph.

Undirected Graph: This type of graph has nodes connected with edges. The edges have no direction and indicated a two way relationship that means each edge can be traversed in both directions.

directed-graph

Fig. 2: Undirected Graph

Directed Graph: A directed graph is a combination of nodes and connected edges with direction. The edges indicate one-way relationship, each edge can only be traversed in a single-direction.

undirected-graph

                                                                Fig. 3: Directed Graph

Creating a Graph:

Adjacency matrix is the best way to implement a graph in MATLAB. The matrix is the combination rows and columns. In an adjacency matrix, the non-zero entries represent an edge between two nodes.

For example: We have to create a topology for nodes weighted as:

N-value

To create the graph, provide the follow input in MATLAB workplace:

A= [0 1 2; 1 0 3; 2 3 0];

node_name = {‘A’, ‘B’, ‘C’};

G= graph (A, node_names)

 weighted-undirected-graph

Fig: Weighted Undirected Graph

Now, represent the graph using edge list:

Edge                            Weight

(A, B)                             1
(A, C)                             2
(B, C)                             3

The edge list in the MATLAB is separated by column into source nodes and target nodes.

source_nodes = {‘A’, ‘A’, ‘B’};
target_nodes = {‘B’, ‘C’, ‘C’};
edge_weights = [1 2 3];

G = graph(source_nodes, target_nodes, edge_weights)

You can also construct the graph by creating the table with appropriate variables.

EdgeTable = table({‘A’ ‘B’; ‘A’ ‘C’; ‘B’ ‘C’},[1 2 3]’, …

    ‘VariableNames’,{‘EndNodes’,’Weight’});

G = graph(EdgeTable)

 You can also modify the existing graph and can add variety of functions to the topology by using the following commands:

addedge Add one or more edges to the graph
rmedge Remove one or more edge from the graph
addnode Add one or more nodes to the graph
rmnode Remove one or more node from the graph
findnode Locate a specific node in the graph
findedge Locate a specific edge in the graph
numnode Find the number of nodes in a graph
subgraph Extract Subgraph

 If you still have any confusion regarding the same, kindly post your comments below!

Know About the Trending Research Areas in Computer Science

4 Months of brain explosion and still have no clue about your research topic?

Well, not your fault!  Computer Science can give a hard time to anyone who wants to proceed the research within. It’s a discipline that extents theory and practice and confuses scholars in deciding their research topic.

Research candidates perceive computer science as the ‘Science of Problem Solving’ and adept at modelling and analyzing problems. The problem solving in computer science requires creativity, precision and careful reasoning.

Computer Scientists claim that the opportunities of specialization within the computer science field are extensive and new specialization areas evolve as the changes are made  in computer hardware and software.

After consulting with a team of professors at Department of Computer Science from University of Caltech, we have prepared a list of trending research areas to help candidate in selecting their research topics.

Research Areas Description Research Topics
BigData Now, managing velocity, volume and variety of BigData is possible with the help of software. So the recent trend in the industry is shifting towards the use of analysis to extract the value of data.
  1. Analyzing the importance of ‘filtering’ and ‘tagging’ on data generated.
  2. Optimization of data analytic techniques
  3. Analyzing tools and deployment platforms for BigData
IoT (Internet of Things) The IoT gives a lot to think about to the IT managers. It represents a vision in which the internet extends into the real world espousing everyday basics. It drives difficult changes in organizational structure to allow transparent innovation for everyone.
  1. Security Risk & challenges in IoT communication
  2. Analyzing the Gauge Charts and Spline Charts for IoT sensor readings
  3. Text-to-speech broadcast using IoT sensors
Swarm Intelligence Swarm Intelligence is the collective behavior of self-organized, decentralized system, natural or artificial.
  1. Optimizing the routing protocols for VANET using swarm intelligence
  2. Analyzing ACO with genetic algorithm
  3. Implementation of AODV protocol for MANET using ACO
Cryptography & Network Security Cryptography is an indispensable tool for information protection. The scope of cryptography isn’t limited to scrambling and interpreting the text, in fact it holds a lot in terms of research trends.
  1. Analyzing & optimizing quantum key distribution
  2. Implementing hybrid AES using RSA and DES
  3. Detection and analysis of Black Hole Attack

We hope the above table will help you choosing your research topic. For more info, drop an email at contact@thesisandcode.com.

Deliver Better Results With Simulation Software

To make your research work more attractive and appreciated you need to take the help of a simulation and modeling tool. Without the help of such a tool it is near impossible to produce innovative and extraordinary results. Simulating softwares contain various spreadsheet and logical tool for faster and efficient development of results in addition to other features. There are several simulating softwares available in the market useful for different purposes such as electronics, computer science, telecommunications and information technology. However, these softwares are designed to serve multiple functions and can be used in different domains. PhD candidates have been searching for appropriate software for their research purpose for a long time. But the wait is finally over as technology advancement has introduced the perfect simulating software, MATLAB in the market to serve the purpose of PhD students.

Various advantages
Simulating softwares like MATLAB is known to provide several benefits as compared to similar other products in the market. Explore innovative ideasMATLAB is a language of standard software and technical computing used by several universities globally for research and engineering purpose. It lets you develop and visualize innovative ideas through image processing, computational finance and control systems. Transform ideas into action- An idea is of no use unless it is transformed into actions. MATLAB can be used for various research related work such as the analysis of weather data to track and calculate the intensity of storms and natural disasters, customize set of proven algorithms, assisting in debugging, editing and testing various designs without the need for compiling and linking.

Several available tools
MATLAB is a tool which is used to visualize outcomes of various computations and test numerical models. The experienced developers of this instrument provide customized services to PhD candidates for research work. The development tools of this software ensure precision and perfection in developing algorithms. The various tools are:

  • Code Analyser: check codes automatically for errors and suggest changes for enhancing the level of performance.
  • Command Window: interactively enter data, execute commands and programs, exhibit results.
  • MATLAB Profiler: measure the program performance to recognize the areas of codes that require further modification and improvement.
  • MATLAB Editor: containing debug and edit features, it steps over various lines of codes and sets breakpoints.

Applying this advanced simulating software requires sufficient knowledge and expertise. So, in order to get the benefits of this software you need to hire the right person for your PhD work.

A guide to getting your research paper published in IEEE (Guide Part-1)

After getting yourself enrolled in a PhD program, you must be scared of getting your research paper published in reputed scientific journals such as IEEE, Springer, Journal of fundamental programming and NASA Tech Brief etc.

Thesis & Code has come up with this unique idea of letting your publication worries go away and providing you with the detailed guidelines to follow for a successful publication in IEEE.

As a practicing engineer or a researcher, it is important for you to publish the result of your work. Publication is not just about getting recognition or career advancement, it’s a critical step in the scientific process.

Your discoveries will help advance technology and foster innovation for the public good, but this can only happen if your research can be understood, read and built upon by future engineers and researchers.

Our Thesis & Code guide will help you in getting published.

(Learning how to prepare, write and submit your paper for peer review by an IEEE conference magazine from the qualified and expert team of Thesis & Code.)

The guide will cover the following sections:

  1. Conducting the literature Review
  2. Ethics in Publishing
  3. Select an Appropriate Format
  4. Choosing Where To Submit
  5. Developing Manuscript
  6. Improving & Revising
  7. Submissions
  8. Peer Review
  9. The Final Steps

Prof. Jackwell, Head of research board at Thesis & Code, advises that to be a successful author, it is important to structure quality work to improve your chances of being accepted and to encourage excellence and technological innovation for the benefits of mankind.

Prof. Jackwell adds, where you publish matters, everyone wants to know that the information they cite come from a credible publication. Over more than 100 years IEEE has always been a trusted source for researchers in government, academia, and corporations.

Here is what expert team at Thesis & Code suggests,

Before Getting Started:

If you want to publish your work, you should not write just for publishing sake or to acquire citations for your curriculum vitae. If you are following this rule than surviving peer review will be a daunting process.

If you are planning to publish your work ask below-mentioned questions to yourself, said Research Expert, Thomas Taylor at Thesis & Code:

  1. Is this an important problem related to your field or is the data collected and analyzed of interest to the wider community?
  2. What has been done in the past?
  3. Does the research significantly advance the state of your field?

As per Taylor, the answers to these questions will be answered only understanding the relevant literature

1)    Conducting the Literature Search:

The research problem you are going to answer must contribute important and new knowledge to your field.

A thorough review of the published work will help. Taylor suggests, as an author, you must be able to show readers and reviewers that you understand what has been done before and that your findings add same new understanding to the field.

Though it’s not seen that all of the resources you identify in the literature review will become references for your work.

The references will be used in the introduction and the discussion chapter to show how you are making a remarkable contribution to your field of study.

The internet has made it too easy to find the information. A well-researched strategy is needed to find the most relevant literature to your work. Your first choice may be to start your search with google or any other search engines. This approach of yours will generate thousands of results, and most of them will be irrelevant to your research, said Taylor.

He suggests following two options to go with for a relevant literature review:

IEEE Xplore Digital Library:

IEEE Xplore is a digital library that offers a robust interface to help in discover and access scientific content from IEEE and its publishing partners. Xplore provides access to more than 3.5 million full texts published documents.

Bibliographic Databases:

There are many databases such as Compendex and Inspec, who has experienced engineering writers. These databases will help in identifying references from a broad selection of literature.

2) Ethics in Publishing:

Prof Jackwell said that IEEE takes ethics quite seriously and does not tolerate fraudulent publication and research. Your submission will be screened thoroughly and if you have violated any standard of publication, depending upon the nature of violation IEEE will take corrective actions.

He suggested below-mentioned guidelines to ensure that your work is beyond rebuke:

Author’s Front:

The roles and responsibilities of an author are clearly defined by IEEE. As per IEEE, the authorship and co-authorship should be based on the substantial intellectual contribution. An author is someone who is responsible for the work developed.

The list of the perpetrators should include only those who had a significant contribution in its development. It can be considered a breach if you omit an author who had contributed significantly to the work or if you include a person who did not has much to do with the development of the paper.

Mentioning an author who didn’t contribute significantly to an article is a violation of IEEE ethics.

Provide a list of authors that includes a description of each person’s contribution to the article.

Citation of Original Work:

Plagiarism:

If you are reviewing the literature you come across something that attracts your attention, you copy it and paste it into your work.

Do not do it!

Copying someone else’s work word-to-word or even paraphrasing what another author has written without proper attribution is plagiarism.

IEEE does not tolerate any form of plagiarism. It defines plagiarism as the misuse of someone else’s ideas, results, processes without explicitly acknowledging the original source or author.

IEEE Recognizes Five Degrees of Plagiarism:

  1. Copying someone else’s entire article, or a major portion of the article, without credit to the original author(s) or copying your own previously published work.
  2. Copying a large proportion (20-50%) of someone else’s work, or your own previous work, without credit.
  3. Copying without credit individual elements such as paragraphs, sentences, or illustrations, resulting in a significant portion (up to 20%) of an article.
  4. Uncredited paraphrasing of pages or paragraphs from another source.
  5. Credited verbatim copying of a major portion of an article without clear delineation, such as quotes or indents.

Redundant Publication:

As an author or co-author, you should not submit your paper for review to more than one publication. Multiple publication waste space and fund and reduces the value of paper to its readers and create a problem with indexing and citation. IEEE uses plagiarism detection software to screen every submitted paper.

Copyright:

Copyrighting is a way of protecting your intellectual property. By maintaining copyrights, IEEE can make the content widely available. If you are publishing your work in any reputed journal you can transfer the copyright to that organization as well.

Fabrication Of data:

There may be legitimate difference in opinion about research and of course, the honest error may occur, but if the discovered results are false and you are fabricating data, manipulating images or engaging in such other such activity, and then you can expect serious corrective actions against you. Your professional career and your job will be at risk.

What you can do:

  • Keep thorough records of your experiments
  • Maintain data records after your work is published.
  • Read the instructions carefully for your publication to understand how data and images should be handled.

                                                                                                 To be continued….

The Perks of Using MATLAB as a Network Simulation Tool for your Thesis

Candidates working in the domain of computer networks find it difficult to choose a network simulator to analyse the network topology. Problems such as finding the shortest routing path, travelling salesman and Dijkstra algorithm confuse candidates to choose an efficient network simulator.

While Working on the ad-hoc networks, it is difficult to set the parameters such as network dimension, type of network, and how many nodes to create to work on the topology. It all required to carry out a perfect network analysis.

Let’s see, how Matlab works for your network simulation:

Creating a network topology using Matlab:

While creating a network topology, there are many things to keep in mind such as creating randomized weight nodes, network status, routing path and optimization of cost and route. The main time-consuming problem is choosing an ad-hoc network to work on. It means whether you want to work on a MANET or VANET, it completely depends on your choice. The basic difference between the MANET and VANET is that VANET needs to work on Vehicles and in VANET the nodes can be both static as well as dynamic though it works on the principle of MANET only.

For creating a topology in MATLAB, you need to create a graph with weighted nodes and edges, in short you need to develop an adjacency matrix with weights.

topology

The main advantage of using MATLAB for creating a topology is that you don’t need to dig into the coding part, you just need to create a topology using network simulation tool box that is inbuilt with the MATLAB.

  • MATLAB offers a large database of built-in algorithms for computer network and image processing applications and it’s growing on daily basis.

database

  • Time is a crucial factor during your thesis, MATLAB allows you to save your time while testing an algorithm as it does not ask you for recompilation.

documenting-code

  • MATLAB is a boon for thesis candidates as MATLAB desktop environment allows ou to work interactively with the data and helps you to keep track of your matlab file and variables.

matlab

  •  And another unknown fact about Matlab is, its ability to import external libraries such as Open CV.

matlab-2

  • If you are already using MATLAB for simulation, optimization, statistics and data analysis then the learning curve for using MATLAb in image processing is very quick.
  •    Its ability to auto-generate C code using MATLAB Coder for a large subset of image processing and mathematical functions, which you could then use in other environments, such as embedded systems or as a component in other software.

matlab-coding

  • MATLAB has a lagre and growing community where experts post and provide solution to the problems listed in the community.

Why Matlab is the Software of Choice for PhD Candidates in Completing their PhD Projects

Matlab is a  high-performance language used for technical computing and adopted by many PhD candidates for their projects. It offers the integration of computation, visualization & programming environment.

Matlab provides a fast and effective alternative to created algorithm, and this is the main reason it is the software of choice for PhD Candidates.

   Let’s discuss some other features due to those Matlab is the first choice of software.

  • A growing & large database of built-in algorithms for computer vision applications and image processing.
    1
  • Matlab doesn’t ask you for recompilation and allows you to test your algorithm immediately. You can type a command or execute a section in the editor and can immediately see the results. 

2

  • It has easy to use graphics commands that make the result visualization immediately available. 

34

  • Matlab offers this amazing facility of the toolbox. Specific applications are collected in packages that are referred as toolbox. These toolboxes are for symbolic computation, signal processing, control theory, power system engineering, optimization, and simulation.

5

  • For simulating nonlinear dynamic systems, Matlab provides an interactive companion program, Simulink. It allows you to model a system by drawing a block diagram on the screen and manipulating it dynamically. Simulink is a graphical mouse driven program.

6

  • Matlab allows you to focus on course work and application rather than programming details. It offers the great facility to solve numerical problem in a fraction of time.

Let the World Know Your Research Work: Publish Your Journal Article

Completing your research paper is a huge task in itself, but your journey doesn’t end here, rather you can say it starts from here. Yes, your dissertation or thesis is the single manuscript that shapes your career and propels it towards higher direction. And, the ‘icing of the cake’ is when the world gets to know about your research work, reviews it and you get recognition in the world of intellectuals. A good way to showcase your talent is to publish your thesis in internationally acclaimed journals.

We all understand the importance of journal articles as it helps students, researchers, technocrats, faculties and intellectual people to learn about new researches and developments in various fields of studies. A research scholar can easily earn attention of his or her target reader by publishing the research paper on these kinds of journals. Now, you might be thinking how to get your journal article published? Well, you can pass on this headache to the experts. These professionals offer all kinds of assistance regarding the publication of the article. Be it literature, social studies or any branch of science, the professionals have customized help for every requirements. They will tell you how to each your targeted readers and will accustom you with the trending journals in sync with your field of study.

Apart from the aforementioned assistance, these professionals can also assist you in integrating software into your analysis. There are several upgraded software like IEEE available that provides correct layout for research work so that you can conduct the analysis easily. The professionals can help you in deciding which software to use and how to use it efficiently. So, if you want your journal to get published, then put all your worries aside and simply seek professional’s assistance.

Fields of Research That Can Benefit from Simulation Software

Simulation software usually makes use of certain mathematical equations and formulas to arrive at the design of a specific phenomenon. Thus, it can be used in a variety of research in different fields. However, some fields of study can benefit much more from it as compared to the fields where qualitative research is done.

Simulation software can come quite handy to students who are involved in quantitative research studies that involve the use of highly complex data. The analysis of such data that is collected to understand a phenomenon can be easily done using simulation software. This is because the quantitative data can be easily reduced to mathematical formulas.

You can be largely benefitted by the use of suitable simulation software if you are conducting research in the fields of engineering, mathematics, statistics or information technology. Along with this, such software is helpful for some types of medical and nursing studies. There are some other academic fields where mathematical data is easily available. These may include the areas of economics, physics, chemistry and other natural sciences.

In fields like these too, you can easily apply relevant simulation software to simply your process of data analysis and interpretation. Simulation can help in all such studies where you observe and design a practical thing without actually spending resources on creating a physical model of it. Thus, you can choose out of a variety of simulation software in case your work can be mathematically interpreted by a computerized system.

However, you will need to identify the right simulation environment that can work according to the specifications of your study. Not every type of simulation software can be suitable for all research studies or academic fields. You may also take professional assistance in case you are unable to decide on the right software to use.

Understanding the MATLAB Environment and Its Implementation

MATLAB is an emerging matrix programming language that is used for different complex numerical calculations and simulations. The programming language is created by MathWorks Inc. and it allows functions and scripts to be used on an open source called the Octave. This open source is available on leading computer systems like Windows, Linux and Mac.

Simulink

Simulink is an additional package of MATLAB that supports graphical representations in the form of flow charts for various codes. MATLAB is a conducive environment for embedded system design and it can be used in a number of industries like engineering, statistics, economics, science, application deployment, mathematics, code generation, image processing, measurements and much more.

A real life example where MATLAB can be implemented effectively:

If a new automobile model is being created, the design engineers will have to finalize a prototype before the manufacturing implementation begins. As per traditional methods, they would opt for a pictorial representation to plan the model and execute the functions. However, if there were enormous amounts of efforts made to design the prototype as per certain specifications, the process becomes time-consuming and expensive. There is a lot of wastage in terms of the raw materials used in the failed prototype. Here, MATLAB facilitates the user to create a prototype using unique tools to implement the functionality of the model and simulate its working. The entire process of the prototype can be completed in an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) and this can save a lot of money as well as time for the engineers and the automobile company. This model that has been designed can be used as a template for designing future prototypes as it can be altered as per the new prototype requirements.

If you need assistance in your research related to such problems, you can always rely on MATLAB to provide efficient, timely and cost-effective solutions.